How is penile circumcision performed?

Penile circumcision is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the foreskin, which is the retractable fold of skin that covers the head of the penis. The procedure can be performed using various techniques, and the specific method may vary based on factors such as the age of the patient, medical considerations, and cultural or religious preferences. Here’s an overview of how penile circumcision is typically performed:

1. Preoperative Preparation:

• The patient’s medical history is reviewed, and any relevant health conditions or medications are considered.
• Anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient’s comfort during the procedure. The type of anesthesia used depends on the patient’s age and other factors. Local anesthesia (numbing of the area) or general anesthesia (sedation) may be used.

2. Sterilization and Positioning:

• The genital area is thoroughly cleaned and sterilized to prevent infections.
• The patient is positioned appropriately for the procedure. Infants are typically swaddled, and adults may be positioned on an operating table.

3. Foreskin Removal:

• The surgeon carefully separates the foreskin from the glans (head of the penis) to expose the underlying tissue.
• Different techniques can be used for the actual removal of the foreskin, including:
  • Gomco clamp: The foreskin is clamped and then excised.
  • Plastibell device: A plastic ring is placed over the glans and foreskin, and the excess foreskin is trimmed.
  • Surgical scissors or scalpel: The foreskin is cut away using surgical instruments.
• Hemostasis (control of bleeding) is ensured during the procedure.

4. Closure and Dressing:

• Depending on the technique used, the wound may be sutured (stitched) or left to heal on its own. Dissolvable stitches may be used.
• A sterile dressing or gauze is applied to the wound to protect it and promote healing.

5. Postoperative Care:

• After the procedure, the patient is monitored for any immediate complications or adverse reactions to anesthesia.
• Pain management and aftercare instructions are provided to the patient or caregiver.
• The patient is typically advised to avoid physical activities that could strain the surgical site during the initial healing period.

6. Follow-Up:

• Patients are usually scheduled for follow-up appointments to monitor healing and address any concerns.